Collection: Gearboxes & components

Airsoft Gearbox Parts – Advanced Internal Components and Performance Optimization

Detailed Overview of Airsoft Gearbox Parts

The gearbox is the central component of any electric airsoft gun (AEG). It houses a set of gears that drive the spring to release the BB with force. Gearbox components need to be precisely engineered for optimal performance, durability, and reliability. Understanding each part and how they interact is essential for players who want to upgrade or maintain their AEGs for better consistency and reliability.

Main Gearbox Components

1. Gear Sets

• High-Speed Gears:
  These are designed for increased rate of fire (ROF), typically used in low FPS setups or for aggressive gameplay. The teeth of the gears are smaller and more refined, which reduces the time it takes to cycle the gearbox and delivers quicker shots. High-speed gear sets usually come in ratios like 13:1, 12:1, or 10:1.
• Torque Gears:
  Torque gears are used in setups where a higher FPS is desired. These gears are built to handle more resistance when compressing a stronger spring. With ratios like 18:1 or 16:1, they allow the gearbox to perform better in high-torque, high-power builds, making them ideal for sniper rifles or DMRs (Designated Marksman Rifles).

2. Piston and Piston Head

• Piston Types:
  The piston in the gearbox is responsible for transferring energy to the spring. Pistons come in different materials and configurations. For high-power setups, metal teeth are used for extra durability, while for low-power setups, plastic teeth are sufficient. Some pistons also have full metal bodies, which are more durable but slightly heavier.
• Piston Heads:
  The piston head serves to guide the piston inside the gearbox and create a proper seal with the cylinder. Double O-Ring piston heads are commonly used for better air compression and enhanced FPS consistency.

3. Cylinder and Cylinder Head

• Cylinder Types:
  Cylinders come in different ports (full, ported, or vented) to adjust the amount of air that flows into the gearbox. Ported cylinders are popular for medium-length inner barrels, whereas vented cylinders are suitable for long barrels, optimizing airflow and consistency.
• Cylinder Heads:
  The cylinder head seals the cylinder and compresses the air before it pushes the piston. A well-designed cylinder head with O-rings prevents air leaks and ensures consistent power delivery for every shot.

4. Motor and Motor Pinion

• High-Speed vs. High-Torque Motors:
  The motor is responsible for turning the gears. A high-speed motor will reduce the delay in shooting and increase ROF, while a high-torque motor is better suited for high-power builds, such as sniper rifles or DMRs. The motor pinion gear’s size is also crucial and must match the gear ratio of the gearbox for optimal performance.

5. Bearings and Bushings

• Bearings:
  Bearings reduce friction and ensure the gears rotate smoothly. Ball bearings are more efficient than bushings and offer better long-term durability, especially in high-speed setups.
• Bushings:
  Steel bushings are a more affordable option and work well in mid-range performance builds. They can wear out over time, but they still provide good value in budget builds.

6. Spring Guide and Spring

• Spring Guide:
  The spring guide keeps the spring aligned during compression. Bearing spring guides are more durable and reduce friction during operation, making them ideal for high-performance setups.
• Springs:
  Springs vary in strength, denoted by their M-rating (e.g., M100, M120, M150). The higher the M-rating, the more tension the spring provides, resulting in a higher FPS.

Maintenance and Upkeep

• Lubrication: Regularly apply silicone oil or grease to internal parts to minimize friction and wear.
• Shimming: Properly shim the gears to prevent them from touching each other, reducing wear and increasing performance.
• Checking for Wear and Tear: Regularly check parts like the piston, gears, and motor for any signs of damage or excessive wear.